I designed a feature like this when I worked on HP's email archiving product for Notes & Domino somewhere around 8 years ago. It did not require the Notes C API. It was an ordinary agent that did the work. Our agent was written in Java, not Lotusscript, but this part easily could have been LotusScript.
We did it by creating a configuration document containing a rich text field, where the rich text field contained a hotspot that already contained the formula that computed the URL. The formula referenced items that our agent would add to the (mail) document in order to build the specific URL that pointed to the archived version of the document in our (non-Notes/Domino) storage system. The agent simply used the NotesRichTextItem.AppendRTItem() method to copy that prototype rich text into the mail message's rich text. We used Append because we (optionally) left the first few lines of the original email message in there. It would work just fine if we stripped the original message text entirely, and we did support that option, too.
If I recall correctly, we used hide-whens to activate different links for Notes client and browser users. I think it was a computed hotspot link for the Notes client and computed text marked as pass-thru HTML for the browser users, but I won't swear to that. I also recall that we had to deal with some sort of workaround for a security feature in DWA that blocked "active content", making our links for browser users fail. There was, if I recall, a notes.ini setting to disable that.
Hope this helps.