I was able to paste the result from Copy As Table into a Notes RT field and copy the table from there. When pasting into Outlook 2016, the Notes Link appears as a url link, the text "Notes Link", and the proper formatting of the URL.
To me, it seems to be the formatting of the Copy As Table in Notes 9 and how it is translated when pasting. The same functionality works with the Notes 8.5.3 client using Outlook 2016.